Recall knowledge of anatomy for interns after graduation from medical schools
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52981/sjms.v11i4.1212Keywords:
Anatomy, Medical education, Integrated (Problem-based), Conventional instructional (Discipline-based), Hybrid (Combination)Abstract
Background: Educational achievement testing is a challenging area of medical education. The purpose of the medical education is mainly to generate excellent medical physicians. There is several diverse systems of medical education in the world. We do not know which system is the best for training of medical students. It is a big issue in Sudanese medical schools to seek for the most effective medical education system.
Objectives: To analyze how medical education is carried out in medical schools by testing the recall knowledge of the basic sciences after graduation.
Material and Methods: We tested the recall knowledge of anatomy among interns after graduation from our different medical schools that implemented different medical education systems using a self-administered questionnaire consisted of 10 single best answer questions validated by anatomists and surgeons from 3 different universities adopting different types of curricula.
Results: A 365 interns within different training specialties were included for the final assessment. The anatomy was considered a difficult subject by 67.1%, and 67.7% were scored 5-7.The system adopted by participants' school of graduation, number and discipline of the rotation when participating in the study, whether preparing for specialty exam or not, showed high significant correlation with the score attained on answering the basic anatomy questions, (P<0.05). But the score was not influenced by gender and the time lapse since graduation, (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Interns graduated from schools adopting integrated system or Hybrid system scores better than those graduated from schools adopting the conventional medical system.
References
2. Min J.C., Young-il H. Students’ perception of anatomy education at a Korean medical college with respect to time and contents. Anat Cell Biol 2013;46:157-162.
3. Holla S.J., Ramachandran K., Issac B., Koshy S. Anatomy education in a changing medical curriculum in India: Medical students feedback on duration and emphasis of gross anatomy teaching. AnatSciEduc 2009;2:179-183.
4. Pandey P.,Zimitat C. Medical students learning of anatomy: Memorization, learning, and visulization. Medical Education 2007;41(1): 7-14.
5. Smith C., Mathias H. An investigation into medical students’ approachesto anatomy learning in a systems-based prosection course. Clinical Anatomy 2007;20:843-848.
6. Jaschinski J., De Villiers M.R. Factors influencing the development of practical skills of interns working in regional hospitals of the Western Cape province of South Africa. SA FamPract 2008;50(1):70-75.
7. D'Eon M.F. Knowledge loss of medical students on first year basic science courses at the university of Saskatchewan. BMC Medical Education 2006, 6:5.
8. Cox K. Knowledge which cannot be used is useless. Med Teacher 1987; 9:145-54.
9. Ellis J.S., Semb G.B., Cole B. Very long-term memory for information taught in school. ContempEduc Psych 1998; 23:419-33.
10. Wilhelmsson N., Laksov K.B., Dahlgren L.O., Hult H., Nilsson G., Ponzer S., et al. Long-term understanding of basic science knowledge in senior medical students. International Journal of Medical Education. 2013;4:193-197.
11. Lazic E, Dujmovic J, Hren D. Retention of basic sciences knowledge at clinical years of medical curriculum. Croat Med J. 2006; 47: 882– 887.
12. Miller G.E. An inquiry into medical teaching. J Med Educ. 1962;37:185–91.
13. Alam A. How do medical students in their clinical years perceive basic sciences courses at King Saud University? Ann Saudi Med. 2011;31:58–61.
14. Rowland S., Ahmed K., Davies D.C., Ashrafian H,. Patel V., Darzi A., et al. Assessment of anatomical knowledge for clinical practice: Perceptions of clinicians and students. SurgRadiolAnat 2011; 33: 262-9.
15. Gupta S., Gupta A.K., Verma M., Kaur H., Kaur A., Singh K. The attitudes and perceptions of medical students towards basic science subjects during their clinical years: A cross-sectional survey. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2014;4(1): 16–19.
16. Abraham R.R., Vinod P., Kamath M.G., Asha K., Ramnarayan K. Learning approaches of undergraduate medical students to physiology in a non-PBL-and partially PBL-oriented curriculum. AdvPhysiol Educ. 2008;32:35–7.
17. Nayak S., Ramnarayan K., Somayaji N., Bairy K.L. Teaching anatomy in a problem-based learning (PBL) curriculum. Neuroanatomy. 2006;5:2–3.
18. Prince K.J.A.H., Mameren H.V, Hylkema N., Drukker J., Scherpbier A.J.J.A., Van der Vleuten C.P.M. Does problem-based learning lead to deficiencies in basic science knowledge? An empirical case on anatomy. Medical Education 2003;37:15–21.
19. Custers E.J. Long-term retention of basic science knowledge: A review study. Adv Health SciEduc Theory Pract. 2010;15:109–28.
20. Kennedy W.B., Kelley P.R., Jr, Saffran M. Use of NBME examinations to assess retention of basic science knowledge. J Med Educ. 1981;56:167–73.
21. Norman G. The essential role of basic science in medical education: The perspective from psychology. Clin Invest Med. 2000;23:47–51.
22. Blunt M.J., Blizard P.J. Recall and retrieval of anatomical knowledge. Br J Med Educ. 1975;9:252–63.
23. Dubois A.B., Nemir P., Jr, Schumacher C.F., Hubbard J.P. Graduate medical education in basic sciences. J Med Educ. 1969;44:1035–43.
24. Krebs R., Hofer R., Bloch R., Guibert J-J. Conversation etoubli des connaissances en biologieacquises pour le premier examenpropédeutique de medicine. MEDUCS Bulletin de l'Association Suisse d'EducationMedicale 1994; 4:10-15.
25. SarmaHP., Islam M. Impact of Dissection on Under Graduate and Post Graduate Study in Medical Colleges. Sch. J. App. Med. Sci., 2015; 3(2A):551-554
26. Harrison A. Using knowledge decrement to compare medical students' lo ng term retention of self-study and lecture materials. Assess and Eval in Higher Educ 1995; 20:149-59.
27. Giles R.M., Johnson M.R., Knight K.E., Zammett S., Weinman J. Recall of lecture information: A question of what, when, and where. Med Education 1982; 16:264-8.