????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52981/jfsl.v14i1.3243Keywords:
Islamic Sharia.., Objectives, Stem Cells, Cultivation, TransplantationAbstract
Abstract
Title: Stem Cell Transplantation in Light of Islamic Sharia Objectives
This research addresses a contemporary issue in the field of medical sciences: stem cells, which are used in the treatment of many diseases and which have renewed calls for their use in confronting the coronavirus pandemic. The research explains their nature, sources, controls for treatment using them, and rulings on treatment according to the objectives of Islamic Sharia. It also demonstrates the extent to which Sharia objectives can be utilized to reach a ruling on this issue.
The research aims to determine the ruling on stem cell transplantation in Islamic Sharia in light of Sharia objectives.
The study reached several conclusions, including:
- It is permissible to obtain stem cells from adults provided they give permission, and from children provided their guardian consents and no harm befalls them.
- It is permissible to obtain them from the placenta or umbilical cord, and it is permissible to obtain them from spontaneously aborted fetuses with parental consent.
- It is permissible to donate stem cells to others in need because this preserves life, saves lives, prevents harm, and avoids damage. It is permissible to give the donor an unconditional gift as an honor.
- It is permissible to use stem cells in all permissible therapeutic applications, provided that suitable alternatives are not available, that stem cell treatment does not result in harm greater than the expected benefit, that the treatment does not contradict any text from Islamic Sharia, and that the treatment is conducted in centers equipped to perform such operations under the supervision of a regulatory body from the state.
- It is not permissible to sell human beings or their parts. It is not permissible to sell stem cells because they are part of a human being, and humans and what they possess belong to their Creator, the Almighty.
- It is forbidden to obtain stem cells from fetuses deliberately aborted for this purpose. It is also forbidden to obtain stem cells from fertilized eggs deliberately fertilized for this purpose
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139. ???? ?????. ??????: ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????: ???? ??????: ??? ???? - ????? ??????: ??????? ??? ?????: 1414 ??
140. ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????127.
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142. ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? (483) ??? ???????. ????? - ? (2) 1392 ??.
143. ???? ??????? ??????? - ??? ?? ??? ? (1) 1424 ??.
144. ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????.
145. ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????? (?: 728??) ? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? 1415??.
146. ??????? ??????: ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? 1997?.
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148. ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? (?: 666??) ? ????? ????? ????? ? 1985?.
149. ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????/????? ????????/ ??????.
150. ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?????: ??? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??: ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? 1419 ??.
152. ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? 1422??.
153. ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ???. 2012. ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????. ??????? ??????: 1433.
154. ????????- ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????: ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?1? 1413?? - 1993?.
155. ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ???????.
156. ??????? ?? ???? ????? ? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???: ??? ????? ??? ??????? (?652??)? ????? ????? ??? ?????? (?682??)? ???? ????? ???? (?728??)? ??????: ???? ?? ???? ??????? (?745??)? ?????/ ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ?????.
157. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????/ 102- ??? 2003?.
158. ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? 19-24 ???? 1424?? - 2003?.
159. ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? 19-24 ???? 1424?? - 2003?.
160. ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? 1407??.
161. ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?: 6/1993? ??? ????? ????? ????????.
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163. ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? 770??- ??????: ??????? ???????- ?????.
164. ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???????: ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?1? 1961?.
165. ????? ?????. ???? ?????? ???????? ?????: ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????.
166. ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????- ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? – ??????? ?3? 1417?? -1996?.
167. ?????? ?????? ??? ???????: ?. ??????? ???? ??. ????????? ????? ??. ???? ???????? ??. ???? ????? ???? ??? ????: ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????.
168. ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? 1405??.
169. ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????: ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????: ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????: ??? ????? ??????: 1399?? - 1979?.
170. ??????? ?????? - ????? ?? ???? ????????? (914) ??? ????? ???????? . (?) ?????? 1401 ??.
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172. ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????/ ?. ??? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ???. ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ? 3? 1417 ?? - 1997 ?.
173. ????? ??????? ????????? / ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????: ?????? ???????? ???????? ? 1? 1978 ?.
174. ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ? 5? 1993
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176. ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?????/ ?. ???? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ? 1? 1408 ?? - 1988?.
177. ??????? ?? ???????: ????? ?? ????? ??????? (?794 ??)? ?????: ?. ????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????????1405 ??.
178. ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????. ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? (???????: 676??) ??? ????? ?????? ?????? – ????? ??????: ???????? 1392?.
179. ????????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????/ ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ? 6? 1425 ?? - 2004 ?.
180. ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????? (?: 954??)? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? 1412??.
181. ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? 1420??.
182. ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ? / ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? / ??? ?????? – ? / ???? – ??? ?????? / ?????.
183. ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ???? ????/ ???? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ? 1? 1413 ?? - 1993 ?.
184. ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? 2? 1397 ??.
?
1. ????? ??????? ???????: ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? – ???? ??? ????? ?????? – ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? .
2. ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ? ???? ????? ?????? (?756??) ????? ??? ????? (?771??)? ??? ????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? 1404?? ?1984?.
3. ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? – ???? ? .
4. ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????: ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????: ????? ???????? ??? ??????: ???????? 1415 ?? - 1994.
5. ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????: ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????: ????? ???????? ??? ??????: ???????? 1415 ?? - 1994.
6. ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? – ????? ????? ???? – ???????? – ??? ?????? / ???? ?.
7. ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? (?543??)? ?????: ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????: ?????? ?. ?? ?. ?.
8. ????? ?????? ?????? (?370??)? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? –?????? ?????? ??????? 1335.
9. ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? 1426-1427??.
10. ??????? ?? ???? ??????? - ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? - ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? - ? (1) 1404 ??.
11. ??????? ?? ???? ??????? - ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? - ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? - ? (1) 1404 ??.
12. ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? / ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? – ?????? ????? ?????? – ????? ????? – ??? ??????/?????.
13. ????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ? / ????? ???? ?????? ??????? / ??? ??????? – ? ???? – ??? ?????? / ?????.
14. ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ? / ??? ?????? ????? – ?????? / ??? ??????? ????? ????????.
15. ???????? ?????? ??????? - ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? (683) - ??? ????? ??????? (?) ??????? 1426 ??.
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17. ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? - ?????? ?? ??? ???????? - ??? ????? ????? - ? (1) 1412 ??.
18. ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? 1417?? -1997?.
19. ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ? / ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? – ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? – ?????? ??? ?? – ??? ?????.
20. ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? - ????? ??????? ??????? 2008.
21. ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? 1426?? - 2005?.
22. ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? 1421?? - 2000 ?.
23. ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? 1428?? - 2007?.
24. ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ?????? 1423?? - 2002?.
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26. ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????.
27. ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? 1426?? - 2005?.
28. ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? 1418??
29. ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ????????.
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31. ???? ???????-????? ???????? (926) ??? ????? ??????? ????? (?) ?????? 1422 ??.
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34. ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ?11? ?????: ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? 1419?/1999?.
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36. ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? (318) ? (??????) 1428 ??.
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38. ???? ?????? ??????: ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????? (???????: 241??)? ??????: ??? ?????? - ????? ????????? ??????: ??????? 1411??.
39. ????? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????? (?: 751??)? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? 1397??.
40. ????? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????? (?: 751??)? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? 1397??.
41. ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? - ???? ??????? ???????? – ??????? ????????? ???? 41 ??? 2014 .
42. ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????. ???? ????? ???????? ??? ???? " ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? " ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????, ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????????, ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? 22 ???? 1428?? ??????? 03 ?????? 2007?.
43. ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? 1408.
44. ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? (?: 691??) ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? (?-?).
45. ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? 1426?? - 2005?.
46. ??? ?. ???? ??? ???? (??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ..) ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? 1424??.
47. ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ? ???? ???? ?????????? ? ???? ??? ??? ????? ? ???? ????? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????? ? ???? ???? ????? ? ???? ???? ???? ? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????.
48. ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????. ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????.
49. ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? (?: 794??) ? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????: ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? 1413??.
50. ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??/ ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? - ?????? 1428 ?? - 2008 ?.
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53. ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ????????? ?????? : ???????? ?????? ????? 20 ????? 1407 ?? ??????? 18 ????? 1987 ? / ??????.
54. ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????.
55. ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????.??????: ????? ????? ????????? ??????: ?????? ?? ?????? ??????: ??? ??????? .
56. ????? ???????? ?????? ???? (????? ????? ?????? ) ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ( ?: 897??)???? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????? 1412??.
57. ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? (?: 743??)? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? 1313??.
58. ??????? ???????? (????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????). ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????: ????? ???????? ????? - ????? ??? ?????: 1984?.
59. ???? ??????? - ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????????? - ???? ????????? ????????? ??? ?????. ? - 3 ??? 1399 ??.
60. ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? 1 ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? 0 1338?? .
61. ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????: ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ?????: 1406 – 1986.
62. ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?1 2004?.
63. ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??????.
64. ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????.
65. ????? ??? ???? (????? ?????? ??????) - ??????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? - ??? ????? - ????? - ? ???? 1401 ??.
66. ????? ?????? (= ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????)? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????/ ?. ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ? 1? 1422 ?? - 2001 ?.
67. ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????- ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??????- ?????? ?????? 1408??/ 1988? .
68. ??????? ????????- ???? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?2? 1403?? - 1983?.
69. ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? 463 ??- ??????? ????? ??????? ????????.
70. ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? (?: 370??) ? ?????: ????????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????.
71. ?????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ??? ???? ??????? (?671??)? ?????/ ???? ????????? ????????? ???? ??? 1372?? ? 1952?.
72. ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ? / ???? ???? ???? ??????? ? ??? – ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? / ?????.
73. ????? ????? ??????? ????? - 13 ??? ???? ?????? 1442 ?? - 29 ?????? 2020 ?? ??? ????? [ 15342].
74. ??? ??????? ? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? 1421?? 2001?.
75. ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? (????? ??????) ? ?. ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? 1526?? ????? 2006?.
76. ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? (????? ??????)? ?. ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? - ?? ????? 1426?? - ????? 2006?.
77. ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? (???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????)? ?????: ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? (1370??).
78. ????? ????? ??? ??? ??????. ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????.
79. ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? (?: 1230)? ??? ????? ?????.
80. ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? 1 ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? 1 1397?? .
81. ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? 1 ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? – ?????.
82. ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????: ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?1? 1412??.
83. ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ? / ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ????????? - ????? ? – ????? ??????? – ??? ?????.
84. ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????: ?. ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? / ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??5-6 /10/2011 ???? – ??????.
85. ???? ???????? / ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????????? ?????: ??? ?????? ??????? ? 4? 1405 ??.
86. ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?. ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ? 2 ? 1434 ?? / 2013 ? .
87. ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? 1423??.
88. ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????: ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? 39? ??????? ????????: 2011? ??????? ??????: 1432.
89. ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? 1415??.
90. ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ? ??? ????? ??????? ? ?????? ??????.
91. ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? (?: 676??)? ?????: ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? 1412??.
92. ?????? ?????? - ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? - ??? ??? ???? ??????? - ? ?????? 1999 ? - ????? ??? ??? ??????.
93. ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???????: ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? (?597??)? ?????? ????????: ?????? ?3? 1404??.
94. ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????: ???? ??? ??????? (? 751 ??)? ?????: ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? 1986 ?.
95. ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?. ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????? 232 ???? ????? 1401??.
96. ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? (?: 257?? )? ????? : ???? ???? ??? ?????? ? ??? ?????? ???????? .
97. ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? (?: 275)? ??? ?????? ????.
98. ??? ??????? (?????? ??????) ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? (?: 297??)? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????.
99. ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????????? (?: 385??) ????: ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????.
100. ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? (?: 458??) ? ??? ??????? ?????? .
101. ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????.
102. ??? ??????? ??????? - ???? ??????? - ??? ????? - ? (2) 1409 ??.
103. ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? = ??? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????: ??? ????? ???????? 1427 – 2006?.
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109.???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? (?: 676??) ? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ? ?????? ??????? 1418?? - 1998?.
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112. ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????.
113. ???? ?????? - ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? - ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????
114. ??????? ??? ??????? - ?????? ?? ????? ???????? - ??? ????? - ????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????.
115. ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? 926??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????????.
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117. ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????. ??????: ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??????: ??? ????? ?????? ??????: ??? ??????? – ????? .
118. ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? - ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? - ??? ???????.
119. ??? ?????? - ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? (861) - ??? ????? (?) ???????.
120. ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? - ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? - ??? ????? ??????? ????? - ? (1) 1418 ??.
121. ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? 1 1402 ??
122. ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? 1409 ??.
123. ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????: ???????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? 1299??- ??? ????? ?????.
124. ??????? ?????? ???????????? - ?????: ????? ???????? 1406??.
125. ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????.
126. ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? 1421??.
127. ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?4 ? 1417 ?? .
128. ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ?6? ??? ?????? ????? 1425?/2004?.
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132. ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? - ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? (463) ??? ????? ?????? (?) ?????? - 1407 ??.
133. ????: ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? 1423/2003.
134. ???? ?????. ??????: ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ??????: ???? ???????? ? ??????? ????????? ??????: ??? ?????? ?????? ??????: ???? ??? ?????: ????.
135. ???? ???????? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????: ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????-?????- ?.?? 1419??-1998?.
136. ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? 1402?.
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138. ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? (?: 1323) ? ????? ???? ????? ?????.
139. ???? ?????. ??????: ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????: ???? ??????: ??? ???? - ????? ??????: ??????? ??? ?????: 1414 ??
140. ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????127.
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143. ???? ??????? ??????? - ??? ?? ??? ? (1) 1424 ??.
144. ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????.
145. ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????? (?: 728??) ? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? 1415??.
146. ??????? ??????: ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? 1997?.
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148. ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? (?: 666??) ? ????? ????? ????? ? 1985?.
149. ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????/????? ????????/ ??????.
150. ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?????: ??? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??: ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? 1419 ??.
152. ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? 1422??.
153. ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ???. 2012. ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????. ??????? ??????: 1433.
154. ????????- ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????: ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?1? 1413?? - 1993?.
155. ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ???????.
156. ??????? ?? ???? ????? ? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???: ??? ????? ??? ??????? (?652??)? ????? ????? ??? ?????? (?682??)? ???? ????? ???? (?728??)? ??????: ???? ?? ???? ??????? (?745??)? ?????/ ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ?????.
157. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????/ 102- ??? 2003?.
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159. ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? 19-24 ???? 1424?? - 2003?.
160. ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? 1407??.
161. ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?: 6/1993? ??? ????? ????? ????????.
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165. ????? ?????. ???? ?????? ???????? ?????: ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????.
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167. ?????? ?????? ??? ???????: ?. ??????? ???? ??. ????????? ????? ??. ???? ???????? ??. ???? ????? ???? ??? ????: ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????.
168. ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? 1405??.
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170. ??????? ?????? - ????? ?? ???? ????????? (914) ??? ????? ???????? . (?) ?????? 1401 ??.
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172. ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????/ ?. ??? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ???. ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ? 3? 1417 ?? - 1997 ?.
173. ????? ??????? ????????? / ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????: ?????? ???????? ???????? ? 1? 1978 ?.
174. ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ? 5? 1993
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176. ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?????/ ?. ???? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ? 1? 1408 ?? - 1988?.
177. ??????? ?? ???????: ????? ?? ????? ??????? (?794 ??)? ?????: ?. ????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????????1405 ??.
178. ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????. ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? (???????: 676??) ??? ????? ?????? ?????? – ????? ??????: ???????? 1392?.
179. ????????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????/ ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ? 6? 1425 ?? - 2004 ?.
180. ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????? (?: 954??)? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? 1412??.
181. ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? 1420??.
182. ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ? / ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? / ??? ?????? – ? / ???? – ??? ?????? / ?????.
183. ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ???? ????/ ???? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ? 1? 1413 ?? - 1993 ?.
184. ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? 2? 1397 ??.
?
Downloads
Published
2025-03-13
How to Cite
عبدالجيد حُسَيني د. أ. . (2025). ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????. JournaL of the Faculty of Sharia &Amp; Law, 14(1), 1–53. https://doi.org/10.52981/jfsl.v14i1.3243
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