Phytochemical Analysis of Rheum officinale Rhizomes marketed in Central Sudan
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to extract and analyze the athraquinone from Rhubarb (Rheum officinale) rhizomes by chromatographic techniques ( silica gel and polyamide plates) and to determine anthraquinone quantitatively using UV spectrophotometer. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and Polymide plates were performed to confirm the presence of phenolic compounds. Solvent system, Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Formic acid (5:4:1) achieved good separation for petroleum ether fraction (7spots), chloroform fraction (4 spots), ethyl acetate (4 spots) whereas crude ethanolic extracts showing 2 spots after spraying with vanillin sulphuric acid whereas solvent system, petroleum ether: ethyl acetate (5:3) achieved separation for ethyl acetate fraction showing 2spots on gray light after spraying with aluminum chloride. The petroleum ether extract was read in UV spectrophotometer and give result equal 2.578 which considered the total content of free anthraquinone in the plant rhizome.
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