Biochemical changes in serum liver enzymes and total bilirubin cholelithiasis in hospitals in Khartoum
Keywords:
Gallstone disease, cholecystectomy, liver Enzymes, total bilirubin
Abstract
Cholelithiasis is one of the most prevalent diseases in gastroenterology, and it is a major public health problem in all developed countries. It has the most common in patient diagnosis among gastrointestinal and liver diseases and it accounts for many hospital admissions and surgical interventions in our local population. Gallstone disease also known to cause liver disease and defragment of its enzymes. Our main objective in the this study was to investigate the biochemical changes in serum liver enzyme and total bilirubin associated with Cholelithiasis. High incidence of cholelithiasis was more prominent among females 127(84.7%) relatives to males 23(15.3%), giving males to females ratio (1:5.5).The most affected age groups were 41-50 years .The majority of patients 62(41.33%) were obese and their body mass index (BMI) 25-30. The most common type of stones was Mixed stones (MS). Serum liver enzymes level of patients was found to be nearly within the same range, whereas their serum total bilirubin significantly increased in comparison with the control group. Furthermore, it is found that there was significant difference between males and females in ALT and AST in patients group. The serum total bilirubin of the patients with pigment stones was significantly elevated. Cholelithiasis is an important cause to significant pathological changes in serum total bilirubin and slight changes in liver enzymes.
References
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Marschall, H.U. Einarsson, C. (2007) Gallstone disease (Review). J Intern Med. 261: 529–542.
Mistry, R.S. (1997) The epidemiology of gall stone disease. Gastroenterology forum. 1: 6-7
Mohammed, A. Alsaif (2005) Variations in dietary intake between newly diagnosed gallstone patients and controls. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 4 (1): 1-7.
Müllhaupt, B. (2006) Natural history and pathogenesis of gallstones. In Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts Diagnosis and Treatment. Edited by Clavien P. ; Baillie J. ; Morse A. M. & Selzner M. Second edition by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Pages 219-229
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Rosalki, SB., Foo, AY., Burlin, A., et al.; (1993) .Multicenter evlaluation Of iso-ALP test kit for measurement of bone alkaline phosphatase activity in serum and plasma . Clin. Chem.39:684-652.
Saadeldin A. Idris1, Kamal Elzaki Elsiddig, Aamir A. Hamza, Mohamed M. Hafiz1 ( 2014) Extensive quantitative analysis of gallstones. International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 5, 42-50
Stampfer, M.J., Maclure, K.M., Colditz, G.A., Manson, J.E., and Willet, W.C. (1992) Risk of symptomatic gall stones in women with severe obesity. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 55: 652-658.
Stinton, L. M., Myers, R. P. & Shaffer, E.A. (2010) Epidemiology of gallstones in gastroenterology clinics of North America edited by Cynthia W. Ko, Gastroenterol Clin N Am 39.by Elsevier Inc. 157-169.
Stinton LM, Shaffer EA. (2012) Epidemiology of gall bladder disease: cholelithiasis and Cancer. Gut and Liver; 6: 172 – 187.
Suleiman, I.S. (1977) Cholelithiasis in Khartoum. S.M.J. 15: 48-51.
Venneman, N. G., vanErpecum, K. J. (2010) Pathogenesis of gallstones in gastroenterology clinics of North America edited by Cynthia W. Ko, Gastroenterol Clin N Am 39.by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Pages 171–183.
Williams, S. N., Bulstrode, C. J.K.,& Ronan, O. P. C. (2008) The gallbladder and bile ducts. In Bailey & Love’s short practice of surgery 25th edition by Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd. 1111-1129
Acalovschi, M. (2001) Reviews. Cholesterol gallstones from epidemiology to prevention. Postgrad Med. J. 77:221–229.
Albert K. Groen (2016) Unexpected cholesterol gallstones. hepatology, vol. 64, no. 3
Baig, SJ, Biswas, S, Das S, Basu K, Chattopadhyay G. (2002) Histopathological changes in gallbladder mucosa in cholelithiasis correlation with chemical composition of gallstones. Tropical Gastroenterol 23:25-7.
Bennion, L.J. and Crundy, S.M. (1978) Risk factors for the development of cholelithiasis in man. The New England Journal of Medicine, 299 (22):1221-1224.
Bouchier, L.A. (1989) Gallstones . Medicine International . 29: 1190-2.
Boulton,.R., Cousins, C., Gupta ,S. and Hodgson, H. (2011) Biliary conditions. In a colour Hand book Gastroenterology Second edition by Manson Publishing Ltd. Pages 147-161.
Burtis, C. A., and Ashwood, E.R. (1994) Tietz text book of Clinical Chemistry. 2nd edition. W.B Saunders Company Co.
Cao A.M., Eslick G.D. (2018) Epidemiology and pathogenesis of gallstones. In: Cox M., Eslick G., Padbury R. (eds). Springer, Cham
Chenhuia Y. , Shuodong W, PengLic Z.L. (2018) A deep learning model for predicting chemical composition of gallstones with big data in medical Internet of Things https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future..11.011
Cojocaru DC., Mitu F., Dascalu CG., Manole A., Cozma CD. (2014) The predictor of cholelithiasis in female patients with metabolic syndrome. Cent. Eur J Med;9(1):108-14.
Cuschieri, A., Giles, R.G. and Moossa, A.R. (1995). Essential surgical practice. Butterworth-Heinemann, Great Britian, 3rd ed.
David, C. (1991) Textbook of Surgery: The Biological Basis of Modern Surgical Practice. W. B. Saunders Company USA, 14th ed.
Febyan F. ( (2020 Cholelithiasis: A brief review on diagnostic approach and management in clinical practice. Int. J. Med. Rev;7(3): 98-101.
Frank Lammert, Kurinchi Gurusamy, Cynthia W. Ko., el al.; (2016) Gallstones. Nature Reviews Disease Primers. Vol. 2. No: 16024
Friedman, G.D., Kanneul, W.B., and Bawber, T. R. (1966) The epidemiology of gall bladder disease: Observation in the Framingham study. J. Chronic Dis., 19: 273-292
Gella F.J., Olivella ,T., Cruz pastor, M., Arenas, J., Moreno,R., Durban, R., and Gomez, J.A. (1985 ) A simple procedure for routine determination of alanine amino- Transferase and aspartate amino- transferase with pyridoxal phosphate . Clin. Chem Acta 153:241-147.
Getachew A. (2008) Epidemiology of gallstone disease in Gondar University Hospital, as seen in the department of radiology. Ethiopian J. Health Dev.;22(2).
Gopi, R. (2019) A Clinical study and Management of cholelithiasis. Masters thesis, Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai. http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/11425
Hadi N., Al-Saadi S., Al-Ardhi A. (2012) Biochemical and demographical study of lipid profile in sera of patients with gallstone .Iraqi Journal of Science. Vol. 53.No 2.Pp760-768.
Helmy M. , Faris. Shalayel., Saadeldin ,Ahmed. Idris., Kamal, Elzaki. Elsiddig., Aamir, Abdullahi. Hamza., Mohammed, Mahmoud. Hafiz. (2013) Biochemical composition of gallstones: Do different genders. American Journal of Biological Chemistry; 1(1): 1-6.
Idris SA, Shalayel MHF, Elsiddig KE, Hamza AA, Hafiz MM. (2013). Prevalence of Different Types of Gallstone in Relation to Age in Sudan. Sch. J. App. Med. Sci.; 1(6):664-667.
Impale R., Katakwar P., Akhtar M. (2019) Cholelithiasis: causative factors, clinical manifestations and management. Int Surg J ;6(6):2133-38.
Kumar, V., Cotran, S.R., and Robbins, L.S. (1997) Basic Pathology. W.B.S. Saunders Company, United State of America, 6th ed
Jaraari, A.M., Peela, J., Trushakant, N.P., Hai, A., Awamy, H.A., El Saeity, S.O., et al.; (2010) Quantitative analysis of gallstones in Libyan patients. Libyan J Med.; 5: 4627 -4632
Macsween, M.N.R. and Whaley, K. (1997) Muir,s Textbook of Pathology. Arnold, USA, 13th ed.
Mahdi B.M. (2017) Immunogenetic basis of cholecystitis, updates in gallbladder diseases, In Tech Open, DOI: 10.5772/67365
Marschall, H.U. Einarsson, C. (2007) Gallstone disease (Review). J Intern Med. 261: 529–542.
Mistry, R.S. (1997) The epidemiology of gall stone disease. Gastroenterology forum. 1: 6-7
Mohammed, A. Alsaif (2005) Variations in dietary intake between newly diagnosed gallstone patients and controls. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 4 (1): 1-7.
Müllhaupt, B. (2006) Natural history and pathogenesis of gallstones. In Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts Diagnosis and Treatment. Edited by Clavien P. ; Baillie J. ; Morse A. M. & Selzner M. Second edition by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Pages 219-229
Olokoba, A.B., Bojuwoye, B.J., Olokoba, L.B., Braimoh, K.T., Inikor, A.K. and Abdulkareem, A.A. (2009) Relationship between gallstone disease and liver enzymes .Research Journal Medical Sciences 3(1):1-3.
Rosalki, SB., Foo, AY., Burlin, A., et al.; (1993) .Multicenter evlaluation Of iso-ALP test kit for measurement of bone alkaline phosphatase activity in serum and plasma . Clin. Chem.39:684-652.
Saadeldin A. Idris1, Kamal Elzaki Elsiddig, Aamir A. Hamza, Mohamed M. Hafiz1 ( 2014) Extensive quantitative analysis of gallstones. International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 5, 42-50
Stampfer, M.J., Maclure, K.M., Colditz, G.A., Manson, J.E., and Willet, W.C. (1992) Risk of symptomatic gall stones in women with severe obesity. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 55: 652-658.
Stinton, L. M., Myers, R. P. & Shaffer, E.A. (2010) Epidemiology of gallstones in gastroenterology clinics of North America edited by Cynthia W. Ko, Gastroenterol Clin N Am 39.by Elsevier Inc. 157-169.
Stinton LM, Shaffer EA. (2012) Epidemiology of gall bladder disease: cholelithiasis and Cancer. Gut and Liver; 6: 172 – 187.
Suleiman, I.S. (1977) Cholelithiasis in Khartoum. S.M.J. 15: 48-51.
Venneman, N. G., vanErpecum, K. J. (2010) Pathogenesis of gallstones in gastroenterology clinics of North America edited by Cynthia W. Ko, Gastroenterol Clin N Am 39.by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Pages 171–183.
Williams, S. N., Bulstrode, C. J.K.,& Ronan, O. P. C. (2008) The gallbladder and bile ducts. In Bailey & Love’s short practice of surgery 25th edition by Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd. 1111-1129
Published
2021-08-17
How to Cite
Ibtisam Bruai Mustafa. (2021). Biochemical changes in serum liver enzymes and total bilirubin cholelithiasis in hospitals in Khartoum. Journal of The Faculty of Science and Technology, (7), 132 - 144. https://doi.org/10.52981/jfst.vi7.966
Section
Articles
