Journal of Omdurman Islamic University Applied Sciences

Evaluation of Dried Leaf Powder of Solenostemma argel as an Organic Amendment and Candidate Plant Biostimulant for Improving Growth and Yield of Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.)

2026-09-18T23:16:58+01:00

The increasing demand for environmentally sustainable crop production has stimulated interest in plant-derived organic amendments and biostimulants as alternatives or supplements to conventional mineral fertilizers. This study evaluated the effects of dried leaf powder of Solenostemma argel as an organic amendment and candidate plant biostimulant on the vegetative growth and yield of squash crop (Cucurbita pepo L., cv. Iskandarani) in comparison with mineral nitrogen fertilization (urea) and an unfertilized control. A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agricultural, Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan, using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three treatments and three replications

Arabic Handwriting Recognition and Writer Identification Using a CRNN-Based Deep Learning Framework on the KHATT Dataset

2026-09-18T23:16:58+01:00

Abstract—This study proposes a complete system for Arabic handwriting recognition and biometric writer identification using deep learning. Arabic handwriting faces challenges due to its cursive nature, position-dependent character shapes, and diacritical marks. A Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) architecture combing CNN, BiLSTM and CTC was designed and trained on the KHATT dataset. A label quality issue was identified during preprocessing and corrected, resulting in a 10-percentage-point improvement in Character Error Rate (CER), reducing it from 91.66% to 81.38% after 80 training epochs. An SVM classifier was incorporated for biometric writer identification based on CNN-extracted features, achieving a Top-5 accuracy of 78.85% across 20 writers.

Perceptions of Interprofessional Practice Among Medical Laboratory Professionals in Sudan: A Cross-Sectional Study Using a Modified PINCOM-Q Instrument

2026-09-18T23:16:58+01:00

Interprofessional practice (IPP) is an important component of collaborative healthcare delivery; however, evidence regarding perceptions of IPP among medical laboratory professionals in Sudan is limited.

الاتجاهات المعاصرة للمراجعة ودورها في تحسين جودة التقارير المالية بالمؤسسات الحكومية (دراسة حالة وزارة المالية والاقتصاد والقوى العاملة - بولاية القضارف)

2026-09-18T23:16:58+01:00

تناولت الدراسة الاتجاهات المعاصرة للمراجعة ودورها في تحسين جودة التقارير المالية بالمؤسسات الحكومية، هدفت الدراسة لبيان مفهوم المراجعة الإستراتيجية ودورها في تحسين جودة التقارير المالية، معرفة دور مراجعة الجودة في تحسين جودة التقارير المالية. اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. تمثل مجتمع الدراسة في المؤسسات الحكومية العاملة بولاية القضارف وتم اختيار وزارة المالية والاقتصاد والقوى العاملة كدراسة حالة

Comparative Effects of Gum Arabic and Vitamin E on Oxidative Stress in Thyroid Tissue during Thyroxine-Induced Hyperthyroidism in Rats

2026-09-18T23:16:58+01:00

Hyperthyroidism is associated with increased metabolic activity and may enhance reactive oxygen species generation, potentially resulting in oxidative stress and disruption of antioxidant defenses. Gum Arabic (GA) has demonstrated antioxidant properties in several experimental models, but its effects on thyroid tissue under conditions of thyroxine-induced hyperthyroidism remain insufficiently characterized. Vitamin E, a well-established lipid-soluble antioxidant, was included as a comparator.

Association between Thyroid Hormone Levels and Serum Lipid Profile Among Sudanese Patients with Hypothyroidism.

2026-09-18T23:16:58+01:00

Background: Hypothyroidism is common endocrine disorder, that affect lipid metabolism and may lead to significant alteration in serum lipid profile. Objective: To associate between thyroid hormone levels and serum lipid profile among Sudanese patients with hypothyroidism.

تحليل زمن البقاء باستخدام التوزيع الثنائي الأسي القائم على دوال الرابطة: تطبيق على بيانات مستشفى جعفر بن عوف للأطفال

2026-09-18T23:16:59+01:00

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى نمذجة زمن البقاء لمرضى الفشل الكلوي باستخدام دوال الرابطة اللامعلمية في إطار التوزيع الثنائي الأسي المشترك. تم تطبيق روابط فرانك (Frank) وجومبل (Gumbel) و كلايتون (Clayton) لدراسة الاعتماد المشترك بين متغير العمر وكل من مؤشري الكرياتينين واليوريا، اعتمادًا على بيانات مرضى مستشفى جعفر بن عوف للأطفال. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتم إجراء التحليلات الإحصائية باستخدام برامجي SPSS وR.. أظهرت النتائج أن ارتفاع مستويات الكرياتينين واليوريا إلى نطاقات عالية الخطورة يرتبط بانخفاض معنوي في احتمالية البقاء. كما بينت المقارنات بين دوال الرابطة وجود فروق في كفاءة التقدير؛ حيث تفوقت رابطة كامبل في نمذجة زمن البقاء المشترك بين العمر والكرياتينين، بينما كانت رابطة كلايتون الأكثر ملاءمة لتمثيل الاعتماد بين العمر واليوريا. وتخلص الدراسة إلى أن استخدام دوال الرابطة اللامعلمية يوفر إطارًا مرنًا وفعالًا لتقدير زمن البقاء في وجود الاعتماد بين المتغيرات، وتوصي بتوظيف هذه الروابط في بناء توزيعات مشتركة لمتغيرات ذات مجالات متشابهة ودوال حدية معروفة، مثل توزيع جاما، بما يعزز دقة نمذجة بيانات البقاء في الدراسات الطبية

Antibacterial Activity of Flavonoids Isolated from Zingiber officinale Against Staphylococcus aureus

2026-09-18T23:16:59+01:00

Background: The escalating global burden of antimicrobial resistance necessitates the discovery of novel antibacterial agents. Zingiber officinale (ginger, Zingiberaceae) has a well-established ethnomedicinal history, yet the specific active fraction responsible for its antibacterial properties remains insufficiently characterised. Materials and Methods: Rhizome samples of Z. officinale (Khartoum, Sudan) were extracted with 95% ethanol. The flavonoid fraction was selectively isolated by sequential solvent extraction. Qualitative phytochemical screening was performed on the crude extract. Antibacterial activity against 30 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus was assessed by cup-plate agar diffusion. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined by macro-broth dilution. Vancomycin (30 μg) served as a positive control.

Association of TLR4 Gene Polymorphisms with Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Sudanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2026-09-18T23:16:59+01:00

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) polymorphisms have been implicated in inflammation-driven atherosclerosis; however, data from African populations are limited

Association between Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels, Age, and Gleason Category among Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study

2026-09-18T23:16:59+01:00

Background: Prostate cancer is a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among men, particularly in older age groups. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is widely used in prostate cancer detection and follow-up, while histopathological grading provides important prognostic information. The relationship between PSA concentration and tumor grade is not uniform across patient populations.

Effects of Different Levels of Acetic Acid Supplementation in Drinking Water on Growth Performance, Gut Microbiota, and Economic Efficiency of Broiler Chickens During the Finishing Period

2026-09-18T23:16:59+01:00

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementing drinking water with different concentrations of acetic acid (0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% v/v) during the finishing period (21–35 days of age) on growth performance, feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage, gut microbiota, and economic efficiency of broiler chickens. A total of 144 one-day-old broiler chicks were reared under standard management conditions and randomly allocated to four treatment groups receiving 0%, 1%, 2%, or 3% acetic acid in drinking water, with three replicates of 12 birds per treatment. Growth performance parameters, including feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and dressing percentage, were evaluated. In addition, gut microbial populations were determined by measuring aerobic plate counts (APC) and Salmonella spp. counts.

Effect of Hospital Food Handling Stages on the Physicochemical Quality and Microbiological Safety of Red Meat in Sudanese Hospitals

2026-09-18T23:16:59+01:00

This study evaluated the effect of successive hospital food handling stages on the physicochemical quality and microbiological safety of red meat served in selected hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan. Four hospitals were included, comprising two governmental hospitals and two private hospitals. Meat samples were collected at five consecutive stages of the food handling chain: raw material reception, storage, preparation, processing/cooking, and final display/service. Physicochemical analyses included moisture, crude protein, fat, ash, pH, and titratable acidity. Microbiological analyses included total viable bacterial count, yeast and mould count, total coliforms, and detection of Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus spp.

GC–MS Profiling and In Vitro Antimicrobial Evaluation of Faidherbia albida Seed Oil Against Selected Bacterial and Fungal Strains

2026-09-18T23:16:59+01:00

The present study investigated the chemical composition and antimicrobial potential of Faidherbia albida seed oil to elucidate its bioactive constituents and evaluate its suitability as a natural antimicrobial agent. Seed oil was extracted using n-hexane and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), which enabled the identification of nine fatty acid methyl esters based on retention indices and mass spectral comparison with the NIST library.

مشاكل الحوكمة الإلكترونية التقنية وطرق نجاح التحول الرقمي في القطاع الحكومي

2026-09-18T23:16:59+01:00

سعت الدراسة الحالية إلى تعرف على تأثير أبعاد الحوكمة الرقمية (البنية التحتية للتكنولوجيا والعمليات التشغيلية، الإدارة والسلطات، المساءلة والشفافية، إدارة المخاطر الرقمية) مجتمعة على التحول الرقمي أن عصر التحول الرقمي يمثل "تطبيق القدرات الرقمية على العمليات والمنتجات والأصول" بهدف "تحسين الکفاءة، وتعزيز القيمة لدى العملاء، وإدارة المخاطر، وکشف فرص جديدة لتحقيق الدخل" وبالمثل أن التحول الرقمي لا يؤثر في الحياة فحسب بل يؤثر أيضًا على تجارب الأفراد.

GC–MS Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Alpinia officinarum Rhizome Essential Oil from Sudan

2026-09-18T23:16:59+01:00

This study aimed to investigate the yield, chemical composition, and antimicrobial activity of essential oil extracted from Alpinia officinarum rhizomes sourced from the Sudanese market. Dried rhizomes were subjected to steam distillation for 4 h to obtain essential oil, and the yield was calculated (% w/w). Chemical profiling was performed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), with compound identification based on mass spectral library matching

Habitual Consumption of Gado Gado, a Traditional Fermented Synbiotic Food, Is Associated with Altered Haematological Indices and Reduced Intestinal Parasite Prevalence in a Rural Sudanese Community: A Cross-Sectional Study

2026-09-18T23:17:00+01:00

Background: Synbiotic dietary exposures — defined by the concurrent presence of fermentable substrates and viable microbial communities — have been implicated in the modulation of gastrointestinal homeostasis, systemic immune regulation, and metabolic stability. While clinical evidence supporting the efficacy of exogenous synbiotic supplementation continues to accumulate, comparatively little is known about the physiological consequences of sustained, habitual consumption of traditional synbiotic foods in ecologically valid community settings. This evidence gap is particularly pronounced in sub-Saharan Africa, where fermented grain–dairy composites represent integral components of everyday diet rather than discrete nutritional interventions.

GC–MS Profiling and In Vitro Antimicrobial Evaluation of Faidherbia albida Seed Oil Against Selected Bacterial and Fungal Strains

2026-09-20T16:12:01+01:00

This study investigated the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Faidherbia albida seed oil to assess its potential as a natural antimicrobial agent. The oil was extracted using n-hexane and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), leading to the identification of nine fatty acid methyl esters based on retention indices and NIST library matching. The oil was predominantly composed of unsaturated long-chain fatty acids, with 9,12-octadecenoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (43.84%), 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (E) (24.76%),

A Comparative GC-MS Analysis of Petroleum Ether Extracts of Stem and Eriophyid Galls of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf.

2026-09-20T16:11:54+01:00

Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. (Rhamnaceae) is a multipurpose wild tree of significant ethnobotanical, nutritional, and pharmacological importance widely distributed across sub-Saharan Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and South Asia. The species is susceptible to infestation by Eriophyid mites (Aceria cernuus), which induce characteristic galls on stem tissues. Despite the recognized importance of plant gall chemistry as a reservoir of bioactive secondary metabolites, the phytochemical profile of Z. spina-christi galls remains poorly characterized. This study presents a comparative gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of petroleum ether extracts obtained from healthy stem tissues

Competency-Based Education in Medical Laboratory Sciences: Current Evidence, Implementation Strategies, and Future Directions

2026-09-20T16:11:47+01:00

Objective: This literature review examined the role of competency-based education (CBE), authentic clinical experiences, workplace-based assessment, and structured feedback in developing clinical competence and preparing Medical Laboratory Sciences (MLS) students for professional practice.

Association of Age, Gender, and HO-1 T(-413)A Polymorphism with COVID-19 Severity in a Sudanese Population

2026-09-26T18:58:44+01:00

ackground: COVID-19 severity varies widely among individuals, influenced by age, gender, and genetic predisposition. The heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) T(-413)A promoter polymorphism has been implicated in modulating inflammatory and oxidative-stress responses and may influence disease outcomes, but data from Sudanese and other African populations remain scarce.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the association of age, gender, and the HO-1 T(-413)A polymorphism with COVID-19 severity among Sudanese patients.

From Legacy Virtualization to Cognitive Orchestration: A Decade-Long Evolution of Cloud Management Systems in the Middle East (2016–2026)

2026-09-26T18:20:46+01:00

This study examines how cloud management systems in the Middle East evolved between 2016 and 2026. It uses a longitudinal comparative analysis of architectural frameworks rather than specific software deployments. The study compares an empirical 2016 baseline, based on a monolithic and reactive management model, with a proposed 2026 framework for cognitive orchestration.

The analysis is organized around three overlapping stages: the Hypervisor Era (2010–2018), the Container & DevOps Era (2018–2023), and the Cognitive & Sovereign Cloud Era (2024–2026). The comparison shows a shift from tightly coupled systems to event-driven microservices that use AI-driven operations (AIOps) for anomaly detection and remediation. Regional priorities have also moved from cost reduction toward digital sovereignty and sustainability, influenced by Saudi Vision 2030 and the Personal Data Protection Law.

Effect of Green Tea Consumption on Fibrinogen Levels among Healthy Sudanese Volunteer

2026-09-26T18:33:27+01:00

Fibrinogen is a plasma protein that plays a key role in blood coagulation. During the coagulation process, fibrinogen is converted to fibrin by thrombin, resulting in the formation and stabilization of the blood clot.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the effect of green tea consumption on fibrinogen levels among apparently healthy Sudanese volunteers.