Cross-Translator Semantic Variation in the English Rendering of Divine Names: A Corpus-Based Analysis Across Five Major English Translations

الملخص

This study investigates cross translator semantic variation in the English rendering of divine names by examining five major English translations of the same source text. The aim was to determine how lexical choices, distributional patterns, and contextual usage differ across translators. A parallel corpus was constructed, and data were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative procedures, including frequency counts, collocational analysis, and concordance examination through AntConc and SPSS