Association between Inflammatory Cytokines and Liver Functions in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Keywords:
rheumatoid arthritis, interleukin, liver function tests, cytokines
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with abnormal liver tests, and the medications used for RA are often hepatotoxic. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate an association between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and liver function tests in RA patients.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 88 RA patients were included, 84 of them were women and 4 men, aged 21–81 years. Serum interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-17 (IL-17), Osteopontin (OPN) were measured and liver function tests were conducted.
Results: The frequency of RA was higher among adults aged >41 years (72 [81.8%]) than young adults aged ≤41 years (16 [18.2%]). RA was more common in women (84 [95.5%]) than in men (4 [4.5%]) – approximately 21:1-fold. Young adults had higher abnormal IL-10 than adult RA patients (OR = 3.72, p-value 0.044). Abnormal IL-17 (OR = 5.67, p-value 0.034) was found to be increased in young-adult RA patients. No association was observed between age and OPN and between the duration of disease and IL-10, IL-17, and OPN. Similarly, no association was noted between the types of treatment and IL-10, IL-17, and OPN, nor between IL-10, IL-17, OPN and liver parameters (AST, ALT,
ALP, ALB, TP, and GGT).
Conclusion: Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are not associated with abnormal liver functions, as has been demonstrated in RA patients.
References
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[4] Rakuomi, O., Go, O., Kamau, E., et al. (2017). Prevalence of abnormal liver functiontests in rheumatoid arthritis. African Journal of Rheumatology, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 70–75.
[5] Shikhpour, E., Noorbakhsh, P., Elnaz, F., et al. (2018). A survey on the role of interleukin10 in breast cancer. Report of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol. 7, no. 1, pp.1–10.
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[8] Elvira, D., Nasrul, E., Sofyan, Y., et al. (2018). Increased serum levels of interleukin-17 and transforming growth factor in patients with Graves’ disease. Earth andEnvironmental Science, vol. 125, pp. 1–4.
[9] Mengesha, B. G. and Conti, H. R. (2017). The role of IL-17 in protection against mucosalcandida infections. Journal of Fungi, vol. 3, no. 52, pp. 1–12.
[10] Du, W. J., Zhen, J. H., Zeng, Z. Q., et al. (2013). Expressing of Interleukin-17 associatedwith disease progression and liver fibrosis with hepatitis B virus infection: IL-17 in HBVinfection. Diagnostic Pathology, vol. 8, pp. 1–7.
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[13] Shi, L., Shi, L., Wang, X., et al. (2018). Regulatory Roles of osteopontin in productionof monocyte-origin MCP-1. Cell Transplantation, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 1185–1194.
[14] Athanasiadous, D., Jiang, W., Goldbaum, D., Saleem, A., et al. (2018). Nanostructure,osteopontin, and mechanical properties of calcitic avian eggshell. ScienceAdvances, vol. 4, no. 3219, pp. 1–13.
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[16] Iida, T., Wagatsuma, K., Hirayama, D., and et al. (2018). Is osteopontin a friend or foeof cell apoptosis in inflammatory gastrointestinal and liver diseases? InternationalJournal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1–15.
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[20] Kobak, S. and Bes, C. (2018). Autumn late: geriatric rheumatoid arthritis. TherapeuticAdvances in Musculoskeletal Disease, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 3–11.
[21] Abdelsalam, S. K., Hashim, N. T., Elsalamabi, E. M., et al. (2011). Periodontal status ofrheumatoid arthritis patients in Khartoum state. BMC Research Notes, vol. 4, article460.
[22] Abd Elazeem, I. M., Mohammed, A. R., and Abdallah, H. N. (2018). Correlation of seruminterleukin-10 with disease activity and severity in systemic lupus erythematosus.Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 1–9.
[23] Akdeniz, S., Akdeniz, O., Sakalli, N., et al. (2018). The relationship betweeninterleukin-17 and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Turkish Journalof Osteoporosis, vol. 24, pp. 46–52.
[24] Iwadate, H., Kobayashi, H., Kanno, T., et al. (2013). Plasma osteopontin is correlationwith bone resorption marker in rheumatoid arthritis patients. International Journalof Rheumatic Disease, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 50–56.
[25] Al Zifzaf, S. D., Mokbel, N. A., and Abdelaziz, M. D. (2015). Interleukin-17 in Bechet’sdisease: relation with clinical picture and disease activity. Egyptian Rheumatologyand Rehabilitation, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 34–38.
[26] Negera, E., Walker, S., Bobosha, K., et al. (2018). The effects of prednisolonetreatment on cytokine expression in patients with Erythema Nodosum Leprosumreactions. Frontiers in Immunology, vol. 9, pp. 1–15.
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