Investigation on Coil Geometry in WPT Systems for Charging EVs Applications
الملخص
This paper investigates different coil geometries for designing wireless power transfer (WPT) system for electric vehicle (EV) applications. The system model depends on the lumped parameters model using series-series (SS) compensation topology is briefly discussed. The investigations adopted comparing the coupling coefficient using Finite Element Method (FEM) software when the two coils are laterally and vertically misaligned. Moreover, investigations comprising the electromagnetic flux density distributions. One turn coreless circular planar and square planar coils are simulated and the results are depicted and compared for the same wire length. The results show that the circular coil gained a higher coupling coefficient and generated more electromagnetic flux density than the square coil.
المراجع
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[2] Agency, U.S.E.P.,(Sptemeber, 2021). Fast facts on transportation greenhouse gas emissions. Available: https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/fast-facts-transportation-greenhouse-gas-emissions.
[3] P. U. Chukwu, A. Isa, J. Ojosu, and J. Olayande, "Energy consumption in transport sector in Nigeria: Current situation and ways forward," Energy, vol. 5, pp. 75-83, 2015.
[4] A. L. Paladugula, N. Kholod, V. Chaturvedi, P. P. Ghosh, S. Pal, L. Clarke, et al., "A multi-model assessment of energy and emissions for India's transportation sector through 2050," Energy Policy, vol. 116, pp. 10-18, May 2018.
[5] K. A. Kalwar, M. Aamir, and S. Mekhilef, "Inductively coupled power transfer (ICPT) for electric vehicle charging – A review," Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 47, pp. 462-475, July 2015.
[6] A. Gil and J. Taiber, "A literature review in dynamic wireless power transfer for electric vehicles: Technology and infrastructure integration challenges," Sustainable automotive technologies, pp. 289-298, 2014.
[7] Ł. Sobol and A. Dyjakon, "The influence of power sources for charging the batteries of electric cars on CO2 emissions during daily driving: a case study from Poland," Energies, vol. 13, pp. 1-18, January 2020.
[8] D. M. Vilathgamuwa and J. P. K. Sampath, "Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) for Electric Vehicles (EVs)—Present and Future Trends," In Plug in electric vehicles in smart grids, Singapore: Springer, 2015 ch2, pp. 33-60.
[9] C. Duan, C. Jiang, A. Taylor, and K. Bai, "Design of a zero-voltage-switching large-air-gap wireless charger with low electric stress for electric vehicles," Iet Power Electronics, vol. 6, pp. 1742-1750, November 2013.
[10] J. Huh, W. Lee, G. H. Cho, and B. Lee, "Characterization of novel Inductive Power Transfer Systems for On-Line Electric Vehicles," in Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2011, pp. 1975-1979.
[11] H. H. Wu, A. Gilchrist, K. Sealy, P. Israelsen, and J. Muhs, "A review on inductive charging for electric vehicles," in Electric Machines & Drives Conference, 2011, pp. 143-147.
[12] F. Musavi, M. Edington, and W. Eberle, "Wireless power transfer: A survey of EV battery charging technologies," in 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2012, pp. 1804-1810.
[13] A. Kurs, "Power transfer through strongly coupled resonances," Ph.D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2007.
[14] L. Yang, Y. Shi, M. Wang, and L. Ren, "Constant Voltage Charging and Maximum Efficiency Tracking for WPT Systems Employing Dual-Side Control Scheme," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, August 2021.
[15] Y. Li, S. Liu, X. Zhu, J. Hu, M. Zhang, R. Mai, et al., "Extension of ZVS region of series–series WPT systems by an auxiliary variable inductor for improving efficiency," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 36, pp. 7513-7525, December 2020.
[16] B. M. Mosammam, N. Rasekh, M. Mirsalim, and A. Khorsandi, "Electromagnetic analysis for dd pad magnetic structure of a wireless power transfer (WPT) for electrical vehicles," in 2018 Smart Grid Conference (SGC), 2018, pp. 1-6.
[17] G. Rituraj and P. Kumar, "A New Magnetic Structure of Unipolar Rectangular Coils in WPT Systems to Minimize the Ferrite Volume While Maintaining Maximum Coupling," IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, vol. 68, pp. 2072-2076, September 2020.
[18] N. Rasekh, N. Rasekh, and M. Mirsalim, "Evaluation Study of Different Integration Methods of LCC Compensation Network for Various Types of Magnetic Structures of Wireless Power Transfer," in 2021 29th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE), 2021, pp. 284-289.
[19] Z. Liu, L. Wang, Y. Guo, and S. Li, "Primary-Side Linear Control for Constant Current/Voltage Charging of the Wireless Power Transfer System Based on the LCC-N Compensation Topology," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, September 2021.
[20] T. Campi, S. Cruciani, F. Maradei, and M. Feliziani, "Magnetic Field during Wireless Charging in an Electric Vehicle According to Standard SAE J2954," Energies, vol. 12, pp. 1-24, January 2019.
[21] Q. a. t. W. P. Consortium. (October 2021). Influential Automobile Working Group, CE4A, Recommends Its Members Use Qi In Current and Future Vehicle Models. Available: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/influential-automobile-working-group-ce4a-recommends-its-members-use-qi-in-current-and-future-vehicle-models-222518341.html
[22] H. W. Ott and H. W. Ott, Noise reduction techniques in electronic systems, vol. 442: Wiley New York, 1988.
[23] N. Listed, "Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz). International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection," Health Physics, vol. 74, pp. 494-522, 1998.
[24] I. C. o. N.-I. R. Protection, "Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields (1 Hz to 100 kHz)," Health physics, vol. 99, pp. 818-836, December 2010.
[25] K. E. I. Elnail, X. Huang, and L. Tan, "Optimal resonance reactive current shielding design in wireless power transfer systems," in 2017 China International Electrical and Energy Conference (CIEEC), pp. 750-753, China 2017.
[26] K. E. I. Elnail, L. Huang, L. Tan, S. Wang, and X. Wu, "Resonant reactive current shield design in WPT systems for charging EVs," in 2018 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC), pp. 56-59, Malaysia 2018,
[27] L. Tan, K. E. I. Elnail, M. Ju, and X. Huang, "Comparative analysis and design of the shielding techniques in WPT systems for charging EVs," Energies, vol. 12, pp. 1-20, June 2019.
[28] K. E. I. Elnail, X. Huang, C. Xiao, L. Tan, and X. Haozhe, "Core structure and electromagnetic field evaluation in wpt systems for charging electric vehicles," Energies, vol. 11, pp. 1734, July 2018.
[29] A. A. Mohamed, A. A. Shaier, H. Metwally, and S. I. Selem, "A comprehensive overview of inductive pad in electric vehicles stationary charging," Applied Energy, vol. 262, pp. 114584, March 2020.
[30] D.-W. Seo, J.-H. Lee, and H.-S. Lee, "Optimal coupling to achieve maximum output power in a WPT system," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, pp. 3994-3998, December 2015.
[31] G. Rituraj, B. K. Kushwaha, and P. Kumar, "A unipolar coil arrangement method for improving the coupling coefficient without ferrite material in wireless power transfer systems," IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, vol. 6, pp. 497-509, May 2020.
[32] S. Li and C. C. Mi, "Wireless power transfer for electric vehicle applications," IEEE journal of emerging and selected topics in power electronics, vol. 3, pp. 4-17, April 2014.
[33] A. W. Green and J. Boys, "10 kHz inductively coupled power transfer-concept and control," Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Power Electronics and Variable-Speed Drives, pp. 694 – 699, London, UK, October 1994.
منشور
2022-01-13
كيفية الاقتباس
Elnail, K. E. (2022). Investigation on Coil Geometry in WPT Systems for Charging EVs Applications. مجلة العلوم الهندسية, 11(1), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.52981/fjes.v11i1.1770
القسم
Articles
